The Industrial Revolution

Terms & Names 

• Industrial Revolution
• Enclosure 
• Crop Rotation
• Industrialization
• Factors of Production
• Factories 

The Industrial Revolution  is a period in late 18th century and early 19 century. It was an big changes in Agriculture, Manufacturing, Production, and Transportation. In the United States, France, and Latin America, political revolution brought in new government. Different type of revolution change the way of working. A more modern world had begun. The Industrial Revolution started in England because England had all the factors of production.  It refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods. It began in the middle 1700s.
                                                                                

1. Large Population.

2. Naturals Harbors.

3. Natural resources.

4. Economic Strength.

5. Political Stability.




Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain, ( Agriculture Revolution ) .

In 1700, small farms covered England's landscape. Wealthy landowners purchased small farms. After wealthy landowners buying up their lands of village farmers, they enclosed their land with fences or hedges. The large fields enclosed with fences and hedges were called enclosure. In these large fields, landowners experimented with more productive seeding and harvesting methods to boost crop yield. The enclosure movement had two important results. 

1. Landowners tried new agricultural methods. 
2. Large landowners forced small farmers to become tenant farmers or they could give up.

Jethro Tull was one of the first scientific farmers. He realized that the normal way  of sowing seeds was wasteful. That's why he solved this problem by Seed Drill. The seed drill was a new invention that allowed farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths. 

The process of Crop Rotation proved to be one of the best developments by the scientific farmers. Charles " Turnip " Townsend discovered that the secret was to rotate the crops by planting a different crops every year. 


The New Inventions During The Industrial Revolution.

 
During the early 18th century, the Great Britain was determined to dominate the textile industry.
One of the most important thing during the revolution was Cotton. Cotton were used for everything and that's why people wanted to find ways to turn it into a useful produce fast. The large-scale factory production of textiles began in the late 1700s, becoming established first in Great Britain, where a cotton-spinning machine was invented in 1783 by Richard Arkwright. 



The Flying Shuttle.
Was invented by John Kay.
Moves back and forth on wheels.
Made up of wood.
Allowed a weaver to work twice as fast.
Invented in 1733.






The spinning Jenny.
Was invented by James Hargreaves.
Allowed a worker to spin 6-8 threads at a time.
Later models could spin as 80 threads.
Invented in 1764.





The Water Frame.
Was invented by Richard Arkwright.
Used water to operate Spinning Wheels.
Spinning could be done by a machine instead of a person.
Owners could spin more Cotton.
Invented in 1769.




The Spinning Mule.
Was invented by Samuel Crompton.
Combined futures of the Spinning Jenny & Water Frame.
Made threads stronger.
Invented in 1779.






The Cotton Gin.
Was invented by Eli Whitney.
Removed the seeds from the Cotton.
Allowed workers to pick and clean 10 times more Cotton.
Invented in 1793.







The Power Loom.
Was invented by Edmund Cartwright.
Boosted weaving production.
Invented in 1785.









The Steam Power.
Was invented by James Watt.
Used fire to heat  water and produce steam.
A way to power machinery. For example ( Ships and Locomotives ).
Steam Power or Steam Engine revolutionized not only business,
but also transportation. 






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